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Australia has ordered five websites to remove extremist material, in an move to enforce its new law to combat online extremism. The new law holds social media companies, websites, and Internet service providers liable for fines of up to 10 percent of their annual global turnover if they fail to promptly remove the offending material. Company executives could face possible jail time for non-compliance.

Eighteen years ago, 19 al-Qaeda operatives hijacked U.S. commercial airliners and flew them into the World Trade Center in New York City and the Pentagon in Washington, D.C. A fourth hijacked airplane crashed in a field in rural Pennsylvania. The attacks—the deadliest ever on American soil—killed nearly 3,000 civilians and injured thousands more. Within weeks, the U.S. launched military operations against al-Qaeda’s suspected safe havens in Afghanistan. That December, al-Qaeda’s co-founder Osama bin Laden is believed to have escaped U.S. bombing in Afghanistan’s Tora Bora Mountains and fled to Pakistan.