"The think tank Counter Extremism Project (CEP) notes that the TTP has links with the Afghan Taliban and terrorist group Al Qaeda.

'As an ally of the Afghan Taliban, the TTP also fought the US-backed Afghan government prior to the latter’s defeat in August 2021. The TTP was founded in late 2007 by a group of Pakistani militants who had previously fought in Afghanistan alongside both the Taliban and al-Qaeda, and the group has maintained close ties to both organizations since,' says CEP about the TTP."